Ship-brake.



J. H. HYDE.

SHIP BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 8. 1915.

1,205,638. Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

. 2 SHEETS'SHEET l.

J. H. HYDE.

SHiP BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED me. 1915.

1,205,638. Patented'Nov. 21, 1916.

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.of lVashington,

. plurallty of JOHN H. HYDE, OF TACOIEA, WA'SI-IINGTQN.

SHIP-BRAKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 8, 1815. Serial No. 19,980.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN H. HYDE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Tacoma, in the county of Pearce and State have invented new and useful Improvements in Ship-Brakes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in ship brakes and is particularly designed as an improvement over my prior Patent No. 1,087,660.

The principal object of my invention is to provide an arrangement in which strain of the brakes is not carried by the skin of the ship butis transmitted directly to the stem.

A second object of my invention is to rearrange the position of the braking members.

so as to takeadvantage of the stream line of the water in the braking operation.

A third object of my invention is to provide improved means of arranging the cables for operating the braking members.

A fourth object of my invention is to provide improved mechanism for operating the braking members. V

A final object of my invention resides in the particular rrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described. Q

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1' is an elevational view of a ship having my invention applied thereto, parts being broken away for purposes of illustration. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the ship shown in Fig. 1, the brakes being shown open in Fig. 2 and closed in Fig. 1. Fig. Sis a detail view of the brake closing apparatus in plan, parts being broken away. Fig. 4 is a side view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the arrangement of the brake members along the'side of the shiptogether with the cable arrangement and the air cylinder for opening the brake members. j

Throughout the separate views the same part is designated by the same reference character. 7

Referring more particularly to the drawings: 1 is the hull of a ship fitted with a pairs of brakes 2 and 3 arranged symmetrically on each side of the ship, therejbeing five pairs shown on each side of the vessel. It will be seen, moreover, that the pairs of brakes are arranged in two groups, one group being near the bow and the other near the center of the ship. The brakes in each pair are arranged overlap- -of the b does not need ping from rear to front, but with the rear brake placed considerably higher than the front one. Both the grouping arrangement and the arrangement ofthe individual brakes in each pairis designed to take advantage of the stream line in the water and my experiments have shown that the arrangements just mentioned are most effective for this purpose.

In order to skin of the ship when the brakes are thrown out to catch the water, I provide a series of girders or stringers such as 4 which run inside the skin rake forward to the stem 6 where they are fastened and so; relieve the ship skin of the strain. Moreover, the forward member-.2 of each pair of brakes is provided with means whereby it maybe thrust out from the side of the ship so as to catch the water. Such means comprise an air cylinder 7 havinga piston rod 8 which extends through a stuffing box 9 in the skin of the ship so that the rod can press the brake member pair of the brakes thrust out when desired.

The brakes are drawn in by cables such as 10 which lead from the deck to a point opposite the brakes on the inside of the ship, pipesuch as 2. By suchmeans any point where the rope passes through the skin to be stuffed. The rope or cable is fixed V as indicated at 14 and extend around a p'ul: ley such as 15 immediately .within the skin of the ship, the pipe being enlarged at this point into an elbow 16 for the purpose of accommodating the pulley. One or more pulleys such as 17 maybe provided on the deck in order to properly guide therope or cables. Above the deck 11 the cables are led to suitable means whereby they may be hauled inand held so as to keep the brakes prevent undue strain on the and through which the hinges members are connected as in-- dlca-ted at 5 in Fig. 5. These str ngers run.

such as 11 down.

to each of the respective brakes Patented Nov. 21, 1916. r

so against the inner face of or all of them may be securely closed when not in use. Such means are illustrated in Figs. '3 and 4. I may also use guide rollers 50 outside the ships skin.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 3

and 4, 18 indicates the steam cylinder of a machine having a hand'operated valve 19 :by

' which'the steam may be admitted toeither side of the piston 20, the valve being operated either directly from the crank 21 or else by means of a handle 22 and a link 23 which may be hooked over the handle 2t on the crank 21. r t the opposite end of the engine cylinder 18 is an air cylinder 24c having apiston 25 therein, the pistons 20 and 25 being directly connected by a rod 26 having a rack 27 incorporated as part thereof. vleshing with the rack 27 is a pinion 28 which is keyed to a shaft 29. Keyed to the shaft 29 a drum 30 having ratchet teeth 31 thereon, there being a hook-like pawl 32 pivoted to the frame 33 which may be thrown over to cooperate with the teeth 31 so as to prevent the movement of the drum 30 in the clockwise direction when so desired. Loosely mounted on the shaft 29 is a second drum having two sets of ratchet teeth 31 thereon and two pawls 32 whereby the drum 34: may be held against clockwise rotation as viewed in dig. i. Now the adjoining edges of the drums and 34: are toothed indicated at and I provide a spring 36 which tends to force the two drums apart so that the teeth will not en- At the end of the shaft 29 opposite the pinion 28 I provide a casing 37 having a piston 38 therein and rod 39 which runs through the hollow end of the shaft 29 to a point of contact with a cross-piece 40 which works in a slot ll in the shaft 29 and which contacts with a plate 4-2 so that when fluid is admitted into the casing 37 it presses the piston 38, the rod 39, cross-piece 40, plate ll and piston Bl against the pressure of the spring 36 so that the teeth engage and the two drums are locked together.

Now the cables such as 10 are led to the drums 30 and 34 in such a manner that the brake members 2 and 3 are drawn inwardly when the pistons 20 and move from right to left when viewed as in Fig. l. The rod 26 is sufiiciently loose when it passes through the head of the air cylinder at e3 so that there is no compression of air on the left hand side of piston 25 during this movement. hen now it is desired to use the brakes the air cylinders 7 are operated to push the point of the brakes beyond the recess it in which they are placed, this recess being provided in order to avoid any dragging effect by the brakes when they are closed and also to effectually prevent the water from getting under the edges of brake and tendin to open it when not desired. Of

course, the pawls 32 and 32 are in engagement with their corresponding ratchets when the brakes are closed and these must be first thrown oif before the cylinders 7 are operated. As soon, however, as the cylinders 7 push the brakes out far enough to Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommissioner of Yatents,

catch the water there will immediately be a high pressure against the brakes tending to open them. This forces the piston to the right compressing the air in front of the pistons and thus preventing shock due to the sudden opening of the brakes as well as storing power for use on the closing stroke of the engine.

Assuming that it is desired only to use one of the pairs of brakes to assist in steering in an emergency, the drum 3 is allowed to remain out of engagement with the drum 30 and the pair of brakes operated by the drum 30 is alone allowed to swing off, the.

drums and the four pairs of brakes connected thereto being held by the pawls 82.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim r 1. The combination with a ship of at least one pair of brakes therefor, the brakes of each pair being arranged to overlap from the rear to the front and the rear'brake being at a higher level than the front brake.

2. The combination with a ship having a stem of girders fixed to said stem and extending rearwardly within the skin of the ship and a brake hinged to the exterior of the ship, said brake being so connected to the ship that the stress coming on the hinges is taken by said girders.

3. The combination with a ship of a plurality of brakes therefor, cables attached to said brakes, and means for hauling in said cables comprising a steam cylinder having a piston therein, and means connected with said piston arranged to oppose the move? ment of the same on the off-stroke of the brakes and to assist the same on the inward stroke of the brakes.

4. The combination with a ship of a plurality of brakes therefor, cables attached to said brakes, and means for hauling in said cables comprising a steam cylinder having a piston therein, an air cylinder, and a piston in said air cylinder connected to said steam piston, said means being so ar'anged that air is compressed on the outstroke of the brakes whereby the air piston assists the steam piston in drawing in the brakes.

5. The combination with a ship of a plurality of brakes therefor, cables attached to said brakes, coaxial drums to each of which a portion of said cables are connected, the adjacent edgesof said drums having interfitting teeth, means for holding the teeth of said drums out of mesh, means for throwing the teeth and means for positively said drums.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

operating one of JOHN H. HYDE.

Washington, .D. 0.1

of the drums into mesh, 

